In Defense of Epicurus: Why the "Godfather of Pleasure" Was Not a Hedonist (And Why We Need Him Today)

When you hear the name Epicurus, you might think of unrestrained pleasure, wild parties, and indulgence. But this ancient Greek philosopher was far from the stereotypical hedonist. Epicurus taught a subtle, profound philosophy on pleasure, happiness, and how to live a serene life—one that remains strikingly relevant in today’s frantic, overstimulated world.

NON-STOIC PHILOSOPHIES

1/10/20261 min read

Who Was Epicurus?

Epicurus lived over two thousand years ago and founded a school of thought called Epicureanism. His goal was simple but ambitious: to help people live lives free from pain and fear, full of peace and contentment.

Pleasure According to Epicurus: It’s Not What You Think

Unlike what many believe, Epicurus did not promote reckless indulgence. For him, pleasure was about the absence of suffering—both physical pain and mental anxiety. He called this state ataraxia (peace of mind) and aponia (freedom from bodily pain). The highest pleasure wasn’t about excess but about simplicity, moderation, and tranquility.

Epicurus believed that chasing after every desire only leads to frustration and distress because many desires are unnecessary or even harmful. He encouraged focusing on modest, natural needs and appreciating simple pleasures—like friendship, good conversation, and security.

Why Fear and Anxiety Are the Real Enemies

A big part of Epicurus’s philosophy is overcoming two deep fears: fear of the gods and fear of death. He argued that the gods don’t interfere with human lives and that death should not be feared since it’s simply the end of sensation. Dispelling these fears clears the mind for true happiness.

Epicurus’s Enduring Wisdom for Today

In a world obsessed with consumption, status, and speed, Epicurus reminds us that lasting happiness isn’t found in more stuff or nonstop stimulation. Instead, peace comes from knowing what truly matters, limiting harmful desires, and cultivating meaningful relationships.

His teachings also highlight mental health long before modern psychology, illustrating that anxiety comes from mistaken beliefs and unrestrained desires.

Friendship and Community: Pleasure in Connection

Epicurus held friendship as a core good—arguing it as one of the greatest sources of happiness. In this social age, his insight is especially relevant. Deep, supportive connections build resilience and joy more than any material possession.

Final Thought

Epicurus was not the greedy pleasure-seeker many imagine but a philosopher of mindful, measured happiness. His call to live simply, free fears, and treasure meaningful bonds is a timeless guide to thriving in an often chaotic world.